Rail transportation is one of the most important means of transporting goods and passengers around the world. This system, due to its features such as speed, high capacity, stability and energy efficiency, is considered as one of the main transportation options today. Rails serve as the main infrastructure of rail transportation and are used by trains or locomotives that carry goods or passengers. One of the advantages of rail transportation is saving energy. As one of the sustainable transportation systems, compared to road transportation, this transportation consumes less energy and hence is known as an effective solution in reducing air pollution. In addition, rail transportation can reduce urban traffic and reduce traffic accidents. In general, due to the mentioned advantages, rail transportation is recognized as a sustainable, economical and efficient option for the transportation of goods and passengers, as an essential part of the transportation infrastructure worldwide.